Beginner’s Guide to Cannabis for Seniors

Cannabis, also known as marijuana, has been used for medicinal and recreational purposes for thousands of years. In recent decades, cannabis has become more widely accepted and legally available in many parts of the United States and around the world. According to a 2022 Gallup poll, 68% of Americans now support legalizing marijuana, a dramatic shift from just 12% in 1969 [1]. For seniors who are curious about trying cannabis for the first time or who want to learn more, this guide provides an overview of the plant, its effects, legality, consumption methods, and the differences between marijuana and hemp-derived CBD products.

What is Cannabis?

Cannabis refers to a group of flowering plants in the Cannabaceae family, which includes both marijuana and hemp. The cannabis plant contains over 100 chemical compounds known as cannabinoids. The two most well-known cannabinoids are THC (tetrahydrocannabinol), which produces the "high" associated with marijuana use, and CBD (cannabidiol), which is non-intoxicating but may offer various therapeutic benefits.

Marijuana vs. Hemp

Marijuana and hemp are two varieties of the cannabis plant. Marijuana is cultivated for its high THC content (usually over 0.3% THC by dry weight). Hemp, on the other hand, contains 0.3% or less THC but is rich in CBD and other beneficial cannabinoids. Due to its low THC levels, hemp and hemp-derived products like CBD oil are federally legal in the United States under the 2018 Farm Bill.

The Endocannabinoid System

The human body has a vast network of receptors called the endocannabinoid system (ECS). The ECS helps regulate many physiological processes, including appetite, pain sensation, mood, memory, immune response, and more [2]. Cannabinoids from the cannabis plant, like THC and CBD, can interact with the ECS receptors to produce various effects. Some research suggests that the ECS becomes less active with age, which may contribute to age-related health issues [3]. Supplementing with plant-based cannabinoids may help support the ECS and promote balance.

Potential Benefits of Cannabis for Seniors

Many seniors are turning to cannabis, particularly CBD products, for potential therapeutic benefits. A 2020 study found that cannabis use among adults 65 and older in the U.S. Some research suggests that cannabis may help with conditions that commonly affect older adults, such as:

Chronic pain and inflammation: A 2017 report by the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine found substantial evidence that cannabis is effective for treating chronic pain in adults [5]. CBD, in particular, may reduce inflammation and neuropathic pain [6].
Insomnia and sleep disorders: Cannabis may improve sleep quality and duration, especially for those with conditions like sleep apnea, fibromyalgia, and chronic pain [7]. Low doses of CBD may promote alertness, while higher doses may be sedating [8].
Anxiety and depression: CBD has shown anxiolytic (anti-anxiety) and antidepressant effects in animal studies [9], although more human research is needed. Low doses of THC may also reduce anxiety, while high doses may worsen it [10].
Arthritis and joint pain: Topical CBD products may help reduce arthritis-related pain and inflammation [11]. A 2019 Gallup poll found that 14% of Americans use CBD for joint pain [12].
Symptoms related to cancer and cancer treatment: Cannabis may help alleviate chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting, as well as stimulate appetite and weight gain in cancer patients [13].
Alzheimer's disease and dementia: Preclinical studies suggest that CBD and THC may have neuroprotective properties and reduce neuroinflammation associated with Alzheimer's disease [14], although human trials are lacking.
Glaucoma: CBD and THC may reduce intraocular pressure, a key risk factor for glaucoma, but the effect is temporary and may require too high of a dose for practical use [15].
Appetite loss and nausea: THC is well-known for stimulating appetite (the "munchies"), which may benefit seniors who are experiencing unintentional weight loss or nausea [16].

However, more research is needed to fully understand the efficacy and safety of cannabis for these conditions, especially in older populations. Seniors should always consult with their healthcare provider before using cannabis products.

Legal Status of Cannabis

The legal landscape around cannabis is complex and rapidly evolving in the United States. As of 2023, medical marijuana is legal in 37 states, while 21 states have legalized marijuana for adult recreational use [17]. However, marijuana remains illegal under federal law.

In contrast, hemp and hemp-derived CBD products are federally legal as long as they contain 0.3% or less THC. These products are widely available over the counter and online. However, CBD regulations vary by state, so it's essential to check your local laws.

Choosing a Cannabis Consumption Method

Cannabis can be consumed in various ways, each with its own onset, duration, and intensity of effects. Standard consumption methods include:

Inhalation (smoking or vaporizing): Inhaled cannabis takes effect within minutes and lasts 1-3 hours. However, smoking may irritate the lungs and throat.
Oral ingestion (edibles, capsules, oils/tinctures): Oral products have a slower onset (30-90 minutes) and longer duration (6-8 hours) and may be harder to dose due to variable absorption in the digestive tract.
Topical application (creams, lotions, balms): Topicals are applied directly to the skin for localized effects. They do not produce a "high" and are helpful for arthritis, dermatitis, and localized pain.
Sublingual absorption (oils, sprays, dissolvable strips): Sublingual products are absorbed under the tongue and have a fast onset (15-30 minutes) without the respiratory risks of smoking.

For seniors new to cannabis, low-dose oral CBD products or topicals may be a gentle introduction with minimal side effects. A 2019 survey found that 64% of seniors who used CBD found it effective for pain, anxiety, and sleep problems [18].

The Case for Hemp Flower

While CBD oils and edibles are popular, hemp flower is emerging as a beneficial alternative, especially for seniors who prefer a more natural product. Hemp flower refers to the dried buds of the hemp plant, which can be smoked, vaped, or used to make homemade CBD products.

Advantages of hemp flower include:

Full spectrum of cannabinoids and terpenes for an "entourage effect": Hemp flower contains not just CBD but also other beneficial compounds like CBG, CBN, CBC, and terpenes that may work synergistically [19].
Fast-acting effects when inhaled: Like inhaled marijuana, hemp flower takes effect quickly, which can be helpful for acute symptoms.
Ability to control dosage by consuming smaller amounts: With hemp flower, seniors can microdose by taking just a puff or two as needed.
Cost-effective compared to some CBD extracts: Hemp flower is often less expensive per milligram of CBD than oils or edibles.
Familiar consumption ritual for seniors who previously smoked: Some seniors may enjoy the ritual of smoking hemp flower without the intoxicating effects of marijuana.
Non-intoxicating with only trace levels of THC: By law, hemp flower contains 0.3% or less THC, so it will not produce a "high."

Safety and Side Effects

While cannabis is generally well-tolerated, it can cause side effects like dry mouth, dizziness, fatigue, impaired memory and concentration, and increased heart rate. More rarely, high-THC products may cause anxiety, paranoia, impaired judgment and coordination, and even psychosis in susceptible individuals [20].

Seniors should start with a low dose and go slow when using any cannabis product. A general rule is to "start low and go slow." For THC products, a low dose is considered 1-2.5 mg, while 5mg is a standard dose [21]. A typical starting dose for CBD is 10-20mg per day, titrated up as needed [22].

It's also essential for seniors to be aware of potential drug interactions, especially with blood thinners, sedatives, and medications metabolized by the liver, such as statins [23]. CBD can alter the metabolism of these drugs, potentially leading to adverse effects. Hemp-derived CBD has a better safety profile than marijuana due to its low THC content.

Where to Buy CBD Hemp Flower

Purchasing CBD hemp flower is most conveniently done online. You should look for a trustworthy vendor and order through their website. Typically, within a few days, you will receive your order in a discreet, air-tight package delivered to your mailbox by your mail carrier.

When shopping online, you will encounter two main types of vendors: resellers and cultivars.

Resellers are retail websites that buy hemp from farms at wholesale rates, then add a markup and sell it as their own. Often, these vendors do not disclose the origin of the hemp, leaving buyers uncertain about where the flower comes from.

Cultivars, on the other hand, grow their own hemp and are fully accountable for each product they sell. They try to provide transparency, letting buyers know precisely what they are purchasing. Typically, cultivars offer better deals and are directly accessible for any queries.

For a selection of some of the top hemp cultivars nationwide, you can visit websites like Hempstok.com to explore their current inventory.

Know What You’re Getting - Review the Certificate of Analysis (COA)

Cannabis cultivars often use creative descriptions for their strains, such as Sativa, Indica, and full-spectrum, and terms indicating specific effects like daytime or nighttime use, head-high, body-high, or even "Fire!" Examining the COA for each strain is crucial to truly understanding what you're purchasing. The COA provides comprehensive third-party lab results detailing the strain's makeup, so there aren’t any surprises (“Oh, Dear. The couch is floating”).

Conclusion

As cannabis becomes more mainstream and accessible, many seniors are discovering its potential benefits for health and well-being. According to a 2022 poll, nearly 1 in 5 Americans aged 65 and older now use cannabis, primarily for medicinal purposes [24]. By understanding the key differences between marijuana and hemp, the various consumption methods, and the unique properties of hemp flower, seniors can make informed decisions about using cannabis.

With the proper knowledge and guidance, cannabis may help seniors manage symptoms, improve quality of life, and embrace healthy aging. As with any supplement or medication, it's crucial to consult a healthcare provider, start low and go slow, and choose high-quality products from reputable sources like those on Hempstok.com. With an open mind and a curiosity to learn, seniors can explore cannabis as one tool in their wellness toolkit.

Cannabis for Seniors Frequently Asked Questions

Q: What is the main difference between marijuana and hemp?

A: Marijuana contains high levels of THC (usually over 0.3%), while hemp contains 0.3% or less THC but is rich in CBD and other cannabinoids.

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Q: What is the endocannabinoid system, and how does it relate to cannabis?

A: The endocannabinoid system (ECS) is a network of receptors in the body that helps regulate pain, mood, memory, and appetite. Cannabinoids from cannabis can interact with the ECS to produce various effects.

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Q: What are some potential benefits of cannabis for seniors?

A: Cannabis, particularly CBD, may help seniors with chronic pain, insomnia, anxiety, depression, arthritis, cancer symptoms, Alzheimer's disease, glaucoma, appetite loss, and nausea. However, more research is needed to confirm these benefits.

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Q: Is cannabis legal for seniors in the United States?

A: The legality of cannabis varies by state. As of 2023, medical marijuana is legal in 37 states, and 21 states have legalized recreational marijuana. Hemp-derived CBD is federally legal. Always check your local laws.

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Q: What are the main methods of consuming cannabis?

A: Cannabis can be inhaled (smoking or vaping), ingested orally (edibles, capsules, oils), applied topically (creams, balms), or absorbed sublingually (oils, sprays, strips). Each method has different onset, duration, and intensity of effects.

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Q: What is hemp flower, and what are its advantages?

A: Hemp flower refers to the dried buds of the hemp plant. It can be smoked, vaped, or used to make CBD products. Hemp flower contains a full spectrum of cannabinoids and terpenes, has fast-acting effects, allows for controlled dosage, and is non-intoxicating due to low THC levels.

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Q: How can seniors find high-quality CBD hemp flower products?

A: Find reputable vendors to purchase from online or use websites like hempstok.com to search through the online inventory of hemp cultivars nationwide. Most ship nationwide right to your mailbox.

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Q: What are some potential side effects of cannabis for seniors?

A: Cannabis can cause side effects like dry mouth, dizziness, fatigue, impaired memory and concentration, increased heart rate, anxiety, and paranoia (mainly with high-THC products). Start with a low dose and consult your doctor, especially if you take medications.

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Q: How much cannabis should a senior start with?

A: Seniors should start with a low dose and go slow. For THC, a low dose is 1-2.5mg. For CBD, start with 10-20mg daily and gradually increase as needed. Always follow product instructions and consult your healthcare provider.

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Q: What percentage of American seniors now use cannabis?

A: According to a 2022 poll, nearly 1 in 5 Americans aged 65 and older (around 20%) now use cannabis, primarily for medicinal purposes. This reflects a growing acceptance and interest in cannabis among the senior population.

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References:

1. https://news.gallup.com/poll/356939/support-legal-marijuana-holds-record-high.aspx

2. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5877694/

3. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnins.2019.00430/full

5. https://www.nap.edu/read/24625/chapter/2#3

6. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2018.01259/full

7. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28349316/

8. https://www.med.upenn.edu/cbti/assets/user-content/documents/s11920-017-0775-9.pdf

9. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6161644/

10. https://www.medicinalgenomics.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/Fusar-Poli_et_al-2009-Journal_of_Psychopharmacology.pdf

11. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7176325/